Bedienungsanleitung Acronis Disk Director suite 9 (Seite 124 von 126) (Englisch)

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Glossary

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tracks and sectors), partitioning and high-level (creation of a file system on a

partition).

Hard disk (hard drive). Fixed storage media along with integrated electronics that

consists of several magnetic platters that rotate synchronously on one spindle.

Hard disks have relatively high capacity and high read/write speed.

Hard disk geometry. A set of hard disk parameters that usually includes the

number of cylinders, heads and sectors per track.

Head (magnetic head, read/write head). A hard disk consists of several magnetic

platters, for each side of each platter there is a head that is used to read and

write information on it.

Hidden partition. A partition that is somehow made invisible to the operating

system. Usually partitions are hidden by changing their type.

Label. An optional name that can be assigned to a partition to simplify its

identification. Usually has the same limitation as file names. For example, FAT

partitions have labels up to 11 characters long, but may contain spaces.

Letter (of a drive, partition). All operating systems that are DOS-compatible use

Latin letters to identify drives and partitions. Letters A: and B: are usually

reserved for floppy drives. Starting with C: letters are assigned to hard disk

partitions that can be recognized by the operating system. Separate letters may

be assigned to CD-ROMs, DVDs, or other disk drives, and to network drives.

Logical disk is a partition whose file system is recognized by the operating

system. Usually each logical disk is assigned with a letter that uniquely identifies

it.

Logical partition. Partition information that is located not in MBR, but in the

extended partition table. The number of logical partitions on a disk is unlimited.

Master boot record (MBR) is located in the first sector of the first hard disk and

stores information about the hard disk partitioning and code that is loaded with

BIOS. All the actions that follow depend on the contents of this code.

Operating system is a set of programs that usually includes kernel, drivers, shell

and system programs that are used for centralized hardware management and

hiding the details of hardware management from the user and applications.

Operating system booting is initiated by loading its boot sector to memory at

0:7C00h address and passing control to it. Since every operating system has its

own boot sector, it is able to perform all the necessary actions to load and

initialize system and configuration files.

A boot manager usually supports multiple operating systems on one computer

and even one partition, so it has to perform some preparatory actions (create the

boot context) before booting an operating system.

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