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User Manual
Lorenz AIS 3000 RT
Appendix A
Antennas and Antenna Mounting
GPS Antenna
The GPS antenna used must be of the active type (i.e. it should incorporate an LNA) and must be suitable for marine shipboard
applications (index of protection, ruggedness, means of mounting, etc.). An antenna should be selected with a gain (in dB)
depending on the length of cable between the antenna and the AIS unit; after subtraction of cable and connector losses a
minimum total gain of 25 dB should be available at the AIS 3000 RT unit GPS antenna connector.
The GPS antenna to be used for AIS use must be a dedicated antenna, i.e. not shared with any other GPS receiver.
Installation of the GPS antenna is critical for the performance of the built in GPS receiver which is used for timing of the
transmitted time slots and for the supply of navigational information should the main navigational GPS fail. We strongly
recommend that:
x The GPS antenna is mounted in an elevated position and free of shadow effect from the ship’s superstructure
x The GPS antenna has a free view through 360 degrees with a vertical angle of 5 to 90 degrees above the horizon.
x As the received GPS signal is very sensitive to noise and interference generated by other onboard transmitters, ensure
that the GNSS antenna is placed as far away as possible from radar, Inmarsat and Iridium transmitters and ensure the
GPS antenna is free from direct view of the radar and the Inmarsat beam.
x It is also important that the MF/HF and other VHF transmitter antennas are kept as far away as possible from the
GNSS antenna. It is good practice never to install a GNSS antenna within a radius of 5 meters from these antennas.
VHF antenna for AIS use
The VHF antenna employed for AIS use:
x Must be a dedicated antenna, i.e. not shared with any other VHF transmitter/receiver.
x Must be suitable for marine shipboard applications (index of protection, ruggedness, means of mounting, etc.)
x Should be omni-directional and vertically polarised with maximum gain of 3dBi and bandwidth sufficient to maintain
VSWR <1.5 over the frequency range 156 – 163 MHz. As a minimum the 3dB bandwidth must cover the two AIS
channels and the DSC Channel.
x Should be mounted with at least a two metre vertical separation distance from any other VHF antenna used for speech
or DCS communication but see also the section “Radio Frequency Exposure Warning” below.
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User Manual
Lorenz AIS 3000 RT
Caution: Never operate the transponder unless it is connected to a VHF antenna.
To maximise performance and minimise human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy you must make sure that
the antenna is mounted at least 1.5 meters away from the transponder and is connected to the transponder before power is
applied.
The system has a Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) radius of 1.5m. This has been determined assuming the maximum
power of the transponder and using antennas with a maximum gain of 3dBi.
x The antenna should be mounted 3.5m above the deck in order to meet RF exposure requirements.
x Higher gain antennas will require a greater MPE radius.
x Do not operate the unit when anyone is within the MPE radius of the antenna (unless they are shielded from the
antenna field by a grounded metallic barrier).
x The antenna should not be collocated of operated in conjunction with any other transmitting antenna.
This device has been designed to operate with standard marine VHF antennas having a maximum gain of 3dBi. Antennas not
included in this list or having a gain greater than 3dBi are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna
impedance is 50 ohms.
Licensing and Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI)
IMPORTANT: In most countries the operation of an AIS unit is included under the vessel's marine VHF licence provisions. The
vessel on to which the AIS unit is to installed must therefore possess a current VHF radiotelephone licence which lists the AIS
system and the vessel Call Sign and MMSI number.
An MMSI number is required in order for the AIS 3000 RT transponder to operate.
Please contact the relevant authority in your country for more information.
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